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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) - Monaco (2001)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) z Monaco (2001)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)Monaco (2001)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsMonaco
Administrative divisions - none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Age structure - 0-14 years:
15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375)

15-64 years:
62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083)

65 years and over:
22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - none
Airports - linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total:
1.95 sq km

land:
1.95 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Birth rate - 9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$518 million

expenditures:
$531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995)
Capital - Monaco
Climate tropical Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline 74.1 km 4.1 km
Constitution - 17 December 1962
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form:
Principality of Monaco

conventional short form:
Monaco

local long form:
Principaute de Monaco

local short form:
Monaco
Currency - French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Death rate - 13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) Monaco does not have an embassy in the US

consulate(s) general:
New York
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview no economic activity Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - imports - NA kWh

note:
electricity supplied by France (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mont Agel 140 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups - French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Exchange rates - euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Executive branch - chief of state:
Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958)

head of government:
Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Exports - $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
GDP - purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 43 44 N, 7 24 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
Heliports - 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)
Highways - total:
50 km

paved:
50 km

unpaved:
0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Independence - 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
Infant mortality rate - 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Labor force - 30,540 (January 1994)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
4.4 km

border countries:
France 4.4 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (urban area)
Languages - French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
78.98 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
83.12 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
99%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Map references Southeast Asia Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of France
National holiday - National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
Nationality - noun:
Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)

adjective:
Monegasque or Monacan
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards NA
Natural resources fish none
Net migration rate - 7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 31,842 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.46% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Monaco
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
Radios - 34,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
1.7 km

standard gauge:
1.7 km 1.435-m gauge
Religions - Roman Catholic 90%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.69 male(s)/female

total population:
0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
modern automatic telephone system

domestic:
NA

international:
no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Telephones - main lines in use - 31,027 (1995)
Telephones - mobile cellular - NA
Television broadcast stations - 5 (1998)
Terrain low with sand and coral hilly, rugged, rocky
Total fertility rate - 1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 3.1% (1998)
Waterways - none
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